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Term Information

Accession
GO:0006412
Name
translation
Ontology
biological_process
Synonyms
protein anabolism, protein biosynthesis, protein biosynthetic process, protein formation, protein synthesis, protein translation
Alternate IDs
GO:0043037, GO:0006416, GO:0006453
Definition
The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA or circRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. Source: GOC:go_curators
Comment
None
History
See term history for GO:0006412 at QuickGO
Subset
goslim_metagenomics
goslim_drosophila
goslim_chembl
goslim_plant
prokaryote_subset
goslim_candida
goslim_pir
Feedback
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Comments, changes to terms, or requests for new ontology terms can be made at GO issue tracker on GitHub.

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Graph of GO:0006412

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Parents of translation (GO:0006412)
subject[Reorder by subject] relation[Reorder by relation] object[Reorder by object]
translation [is_a relation] is_a  macromolecule biosynthetic process (GO:0009059)
translation [BFO:0000050 relation] BFO:0000050  gene expression (GO:0010467)
translation [is_a relation] is_a  peptide biosynthetic process (GO:0043043)
translation [is_a relation] is_a  protein metabolic process (GO:0019538)
translation [BFO:0000051 relation] BFO:0000051  translational elongation (GO:0006414)
Children of translation (GO:0006412)
subject[Reorder by subject] relation[Reorder by relation] object[Reorder by object]
negative regulation of translation (GO:0017148) [RO:0002212 relation] RO:0002212  translation
maintenance of translational fidelity (GO:1990145) [BFO:0000050 relation] BFO:0000050  translation
positive regulation of translation (GO:0045727) [RO:0002213 relation] RO:0002213  translation
translation factor activity, RNA binding (GO:0008135) [BFO:0000050 relation] BFO:0000050  translation
regulation of translation by machinery localization (GO:0043143) [BFO:0000050 relation] BFO:0000050  translation
mitochondrial translation (GO:0032543) [is_a relation] is_a  translation
cytoplasmic translation (GO:0002181) [is_a relation] is_a  translation
translational elongation (GO:0006414) [BFO:0000050 relation] BFO:0000050  translation
plastid translation (GO:0032544) [is_a relation] is_a  translation
translation at synapse (GO:0140241) [is_a relation] is_a  translation
translational termination (GO:0006415) [BFO:0000050 relation] BFO:0000050  translation
N-terminal peptidyl-proline dimethylation involved in translation (GO:0071891) [BFO:0000050 relation] BFO:0000050  translation
regulation of translation (GO:0006417) [RO:0002211 relation] RO:0002211  translation
translational initiation (GO:0006413) [BFO:0000050 relation] BFO:0000050  translation
SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane (GO:0006614) [BFO:0000051 relation] BFO:0000051  translation
tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation (GO:0006418) [BFO:0000050 relation] BFO:0000050  translation
triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity (GO:0030533) [BFO:0000050 relation] BFO:0000050  translation